PREFACE
PLANNED COURSE CURRICULUM GUIDE (PCCG)
DEFINITIONS

PLEASANT VALLEY SCHOOL DISTRICT
Brodheadsville, Pennsylvania 18322
PLANNED COURSE ADAPTATIONS/MODIFICATIONS

Introduction

The instructional adaptations that follow are provided as suggestions to be implemented with all students, particularly with those in need of special education services including the gifted. This listing is in no way intended to be exhaustive. Rather, it is reflective of some major considerations in the area of curriculum adaptations/modifications.

These instructional adaptations will work with any student, but are especially beneficial to those in need of learning support. Some may argue that these modifications are simply good teaching. Indeed, modifications of this type do represent good teaching. These principles of good teaching become instructional modifications whenever: (1) certain students in a particular class require such modifications above and beyond what is typically required by most students in that class and (2) without these modifications, these same students would not succeed.

Assessment is an integral part of instruction reflecting student progress as well as achievement. Therefore, also included are suggestions for assessment modifications.

� Peer Support
� Cooperative learning among peers
� Modeling
� Development of Information Organizer
� Development of Graphic Organizer
� Development of structured study guides
� Student selection of instructional material (i.e., reading, writing, math)
� Taped lessons
� Copy notes (peer or teacher)
� Student conferencing
� Combine and vary modes of lesson presentation
� Adjust language level to match the developmental and intellectual levels of students
� Let student practice given examples first. Then assign tasks to be completed.
� Provide opportunity for guided and independent practice in a variety of situations
� Limit number and length of directions
� Have students repeat/review directions (i.e., peer to peer, student to teacher)
� Give feedback that is as immediate, specific, and objective as possible
� Clarify error responses so that students do not make the same errors over and over again
� Reinforce progress towards desired outcomes
� Breakdown complex tasks into smaller, more manageable units
� Use verbal prompts to elicit desired results
� Use manual guidance (i.e., hand over hand) to facilitate correct responses
� Computer assisted instruction
� Assessment based upon teacher observation of student performance (i.e., daily work, portfolio, artifacts, projects)

� Extended test time
� Test read to student by teacher or peer
� Oral testing (i.e., student retelling of information)
� Open book/note test
� Alternate testing (any demonstration of a student's understanding of concepts)
� Retesting
� Reduce the number of responses required on tests
� Use of curriculum based assessment
� Vary test format
� Objectively define mastery as related to each task. Tasks should be learned to mastery
� Reduce or remove distracting stimuli
� Use of concrete objects and manipulatives in all stages of instruction and assessment
� Emphasize important information
� Allow extra time to complete assignments/projects
� Limit the number of assigned tasks in the initial stages of learning. As the student's competency increases, expect the student to complete the same number of tasks as the rest of the class
� Use supplemental materials
� Alternate assignments accepted (i.e., modification to homework assignments)
� Flexible grouping/individual assistance
� Seating to accommodate needs
� Teacher proximity
� Use behavioral management techniques (i.e., contracts, time-out, token system, charts)

PREFACE

Users and information seekers should familiarize themselves with the purpose and terminology of this Planned Course
Curriculum Guide (PCCG). We suggest that you first read the following:

• PCCG PURPOSE AND INTENT
• PCCG DEFINITIONS

The PCCG specifies the unit lesson outcome, essential content, standards, activities, resources, and evaluation of student performance. This sector provides the means to initiate the learning activities to attain the program goal as identified in the course description and intent.

The standards and outcomes are minimal expectations; further embellishment of the course is discretionary with the instructor depending upon the capability of the students.

This PCCG is designed as an ACTIVE document capable of technological modification as required.

The instructional delivery of this curriculum is quality controlled through the lesson plan development of the teacher.

PLANNED COURSE CURRICULUM GUIDE (PCCG)
PURPOSE AND INTENT

The Planned Course Curriculum Guide (PCCG) is a multi-purpose document:

• All staff, particularly new teachers, can understand instructional expectations through the WRITTEN curriculum

• A continuing district-wide instructional process and scope and sequence of subject matter are enhanced. The WRITTEN curriculum is delivered through the TAUGHT curriculum [instructional content and learning activities] and is evaluated through the TESTED curriculum [expected levels of student achievement - learning outcomes]

• Priority student-centered outcomes are identified and attained through suggested learning activities and content designed to help insure a balanced and comprehensive basic curriculum

•• Essential content and course standards provide an efficient basis for selecting appropriate instructional materials and resources

• Staff development areas for curriculum improvement are provided

• The PCCG conforms with current Pennsylvania Department of Education curriculum regulations and serves the dual feature of providing both an administrative document and an instructional guide

• Content and subject format remain flexible and adaptable to modification - an “active” document

• Special Pennsylvania Department of Education [PDE] legislation is identified

• Parents and students are provided with an overview of the instructional program and each course in particular

PLANNED COURSE CURRICULUM GUIDE (PCCG)

DEFINITIONS

• Course Description and Intent: a brief overview of the course and program goals

• Instructional Time: frequency of class meetings and time/appropriate credit at the secondary level

• Special Notes: emphatic features or highlights and identification of Department of Education mandates found in the course

• Unit Lesson Outcome: describes the knowledge, skills, attitudes, student performance behaviors and areas of study that have been identified as appropriate to help the student attain the rigorous standards of a quality education

• Teaching-Learning Activities: suggested activities designed to help all students achieve the learning outcomes and standards

• Outcomes/Standards: statements establishing the minimal knowledge, skills, performance behaviors, and essential learning (content) a student must attain

• Expected Levels of Achievement (Learning Outcomes): what students will be expected to do as a result of the application of teaching-learning activities and content

• Evaluation Criteria (Actual Level of Attainment): student performance level achieved and measured through specified evaluation criteria

Subject Title:	MATHEMATICS
Discipline/Grade Level:	ALGEBRA I - GRADES 9 - 10

UNIT LESSON OUTCOME: 1

The learner will evaluate expressions with real numbers and variables.

RELATIONSHIP TO PA OUTCOMES/STANDARDS (Check Appropriate Graduation Outcomes)

Communications

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Mathematics

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

Science & Technology

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Environment & Ecology

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

Civics & Government

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

Economics

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

Geography

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

History

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

Arts & Humanities

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

Health, Safety & PE

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

Family & Consumer Science

11.1

11.2

11.3

11.4

World Language

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

Career Education & Work

13.1

13.2

13.3

13.4

ESSENTIAL CONTENT OUTCOMES/STANDARD	CONTENT & INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES/STRATEGIES WITH CORRECTIVES AND EXTENSIONS *(Individually created teaching activities may be used to achieve the standards; however, listed below are activities which may be helpful:*	ACTUAL LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT (EVALUATION CRITERIA) ASSESSMENT	RESOURCES AND MATERIALS
STANDARD 1

� Explore the properties of various sets of numbers, such as Reals, Rationals, etc. � Practice and apply the formal rules of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of signed numbers. � Apply the rules of signed numbers to algebraic expressions. � Use the distributive property to change products to sums and to factor binomial algebraic expressions. � Classify numbers as counting, whole, integers, rational, irrational, and real. � Utilize the commutative and associative properties of addition and multiplication. � Apply the order of operations to simplify expressions of all real numbers. � Understand the identity and inverse properties of addition and multiplication.	� Use a number line to emphasize signed numbers. � Play "Math Bingo" to practice operations of signed numbers. � Utilize the "Teacher Resource Materials" for worksheets, quizzes, and tests. � Utilize the "Pre-algebra with Pizzazz" and "Algebra with Pizzazz" workbooks. Correctives � Use crossword puzzles to reinforce or reteach basic terminology. � Students work in pairs (cooperative learning structure) to review content. � Students are encouraged to use math-tutoring lab. � Use reteaching activities and worksheets found in supplemental textbook materials. Extensions � Student research projects on applications of the concepts presented in the unit to real life examples. � Class projects such as display cases, magazines, or posters. � Students will create review games for the class. � Math journal and reflection papers. � Use of graphing calculator activities and explorations. � Internet resources such as web quests.	� Teacher designed tests and quizzes � Activities, which demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Worksheets designed to demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Portfolios. � PSSA sample questions.	� Algebra with Pizzazz � Access software program � Textbook � Workbook � Calculator

Subject Title:	MATHEMATICS
Discipline/Grade Level:	ALGEBRA I - GRADES 9 - 10

UNIT LESSON OUTCOME: 2

The learner will solve linear equations.

RELATIONSHIP TO PA OUTCOMES/STANDARDS (Check Appropriate Graduation Outcomes)

Communications

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Mathematics

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

Science & Technology

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Environment & Ecology

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

Civics & Government

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

Economics

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

Geography

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

History

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

Arts & Humanities

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

Health, Safety & PE

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

Family & Consumer Science

11.1

11.2

11.3

11.4

World Language

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

Career Education & Work

13.1

13.2

13.3

13.4

ESSENTIAL CONTENT OUTCOMES/STANDARD	CONTENT & INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES/STRATEGIES WITH CORRECTIVES AND EXTENSIONS *(Individually created teaching activities may be used to achieve the standards; however, listed below are activities which may be helpful:*	ACTUAL LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT (EVALUATION CRITERIA) ASSESSMENT	RESOURCES AND MATERIALS
STANDARD 2
� Utilize the identity and inverse properties of addition and multiplication. � Apply equation-solving techniques to problems involving all real numbers. � Write algebraic expressions and equations from their word descriptions. � Solve algebraic equations from their word descriptions. � Solve and check one step equations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. � Solve related word problems (coin, age, consecutive integer, etc.). � Solve two or more step equations. � Solve and check equations involving combining like terms. � Solve and check equations involving parenthesis and like terms. � Solve and check word problems involving geometric formulas (area, perimeter, circumference). � Write a ratio in lowest terms. � Find the probability of an event as a ratio in lowest terms. � Solve a proportion with one unknown term. � Solve a complex proportion. � Solve word problems using proportions. � Evaluate formulas.	� Play "Math Bingo" to practice operations of signed numbers. � Utilize the "Teacher Resource Materials" for worksheets, quizzes, and tests. � Utilize the "Pre-algebra with Pizzazz" and "Algebra with Pizzazz" workbooks. Correctives � Use crossword puzzles to reinforce or reteach basic terminology. � Students work in pairs (cooperative learning structure) to review content. � Students are encouraged to use math-tutoring lab. � Use reteaching activities and worksheets found in supplemental textbook materials. Extensions � Student research projects on applications of the concepts presented in the unit to real life examples. � Class projects such as display cases, magazines, or posters. � Students will create review games for the class. � Math journal and reflection papers. � Use of graphing calculator activities and explorations. � Internet resources such as web quests.	� Teacher designed tests and quizzes � Activities, which demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Worksheets designed to demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Portfolios. � PSSA sample questions.	� Algebra with Pizzazz � Access software program � Textbook � Workbook � Calculator

Subject Title:	MATHEMATICS
Discipline/Grade Level:	ALGEBRA I - GRADES 9 - 10

UNIT LESSON OUTCOME: 3

The learner will solve and graph inequalities.

RELATIONSHIP TO PA OUTCOMES/STANDARDS (Check Appropriate Graduation Outcomes)

Communications

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Mathematics

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

Science & Technology

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Environment & Ecology

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

Civics & Government

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

Economics

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

Geography

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

History

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

Arts & Humanities

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

Health, Safety & PE

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

Family & Consumer Science

11.1

11.2

11.3

11.4

World Language

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

Career Education & Work

13.1

13.2

13.3

13.4

ESSENTIAL CONTENT OUTCOMES/STANDARD	CONTENT & INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES/STRATEGIES WITH CORRECTIVES AND EXTENSIONS *(Individually created teaching activities may be used to achieve the standards; however, listed below are activities which may be helpful:*	ACTUAL LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT (EVALUATION CRITERIA) ASSESSMENT	RESOURCES AND MATERIALS
STANDARD 3

� Graph inequalities involving <, >, <, >. � Write an inequality from a graph. � Utilize the comparison property, property of opposites, and transitive property of order. � Solve inequalities involving addition and subtraction. � Solve inequalities involving multiplication and division. � Solve inequalities involving more than one step. � Graph solutions of inequalities on a number line.	� Use a number line to emphasize signed numbers. � Play "Math Bingo" to practice operations of signed numbers. � Utilize the "Teacher Resource Materials" for worksheets, quizzes, and tests. � Utilize the "Pre-algebra with Pizzazz" and "Algebra with Pizzazz" workbooks. Correctives � Use crossword puzzles to reinforce or reteach basic terminology. � Students work in pairs (cooperative learning structure) to review content. � Students are encouraged to use math-tutoring lab. � Use reteaching activities and worksheets found in supplemental textbook materials. Extensions � Student research projects on applications of the concepts presented in the unit to real life examples. � Class projects such as display cases, magazines, or posters. � Students will create review games for the class. � Math journal and reflection papers. � Use of graphing calculator activities and explorations. � Internet resources such as web quests.	� Teacher designed tests and quizzes � Activities, which demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Worksheets designed to demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Portfolios. � PSSA sample questions.	� Algebra with Pizzazz � Access software program � Textbook � Workbook � Calculator

Subject Title:	MATHEMATICS
Discipline/Grade Level:	ALGEBRA I - GRADES 9 - 10

UNIT LESSON OUTCOME: 4

The learner will use the laws of exponents to simplify expressions involving powers.

RELATIONSHIP TO PA OUTCOMES/STANDARDS (Check Appropriate Graduation Outcomes)

Communications

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Mathematics

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

Science & Technology

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Environment & Ecology

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

Civics & Government

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

Economics

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

Geography

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

History

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

Arts & Humanities

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

Health, Safety & PE

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

Family & Consumer Science

11.1

11.2

11.3

11.4

World Language

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

Career Education & Work

13.1

13.2

13.3

13.4

ESSENTIAL CONTENT OUTCOMES/STANDARD	CONTENT & INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES/STRATEGIES WITH CORRECTIVES AND EXTENSIONS *(Individually created teaching activities may be used to achieve the standards; however, listed below are activities which may be helpful:*	ACTUAL LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT (EVALUATION CRITERIA) ASSESSMENT	RESOURCES AND MATERIALS
STANDARD 4

� Write a product of powers as one power. � Write a quotient of powers as one power. � Simplify an expression involving one or more power with zero as an exponent. � Simplify powers involving negative exponents. � Simplify the power of a productive quotient. � Simplify a power of a power. � Write a number in scientific notation. � Given a number in scientific notation, write it in decimal form.	� Use "Power Pac" (a connect the dots activity) to practice the rules for exponents. � Refer to "Pre-algebra With Pizzazz" for puzzle worksheets that emphasize rules for exponents. � Correlate activities involving scientific notation with math and science. � Use Access program to generate applicable worksheets for use in cooperative learning groups. Correctives � Use crossword puzzles to reinforce or reteach basic terminology. � Students work in pairs (cooperative learning structure) to review content. � Students are encouraged to use math-tutoring lab. � Use reteaching activities and worksheets found in supplemental textbook materials. Extensions � Student research projects on applications of the concepts presented in the unit to real life examples. � Class projects such as display cases, magazines, or posters. � Students will create review games for the class. � Math journal and reflection papers. � Use of graphing calculator activities and explorations. � Internet resources such as web quests.	� Teacher designed tests and quizzes � Activities, which demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Worksheets designed to demonstrate knowledge of the concepts taught. � Portfolios. � PSSA sample questions.	� Algebra with Pizzazz � Access software program � Textbook � Workbook � Calculator

Subject Title:	MATHEMATICS
Discipline/Grade Level:	ALGEBRA I - GRADES 9 - 10

UNIT LESSON OUTCOME: 5

The learner will apply the properties of powers to simplify polynomial expressions.

RELATIONSHIP TO PA OUTCOMES/STANDARDS (Check Appropriate Graduation Outcomes)

Communications

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Mathematics

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

Science & Technology

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Environment & Ecology

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

Civics & Government

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

Economics

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

Geography

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4